以1954年马鞍山市防洪保护区溃坝为研究对象，在洪水灾害情景下，对洪水范围内的人员避险转移进行了系统性的研究与方案优化。首先利用HEC-RAS模型模拟洪水演进，并根据生成的淹没分布图确定撤退点和安置点；再基于多对多的安置点分配与路径优选思路，利用层次分析法和运筹学中的运输模型进行安置点分配和人数的自动匹配，并依据Dijkstra求解最佳疏散路径；最后根据疏散结果进一步分配路线流量，并验证撤退时是否超过道路容量，若超出，则重新规划路线，防止道路堵塞。

Taking the dam breach in Ma'anshan flood control protection zone in 1954 as the research object, we conducted a systematic study and optimization of evacuation plans for personnel within the flood range under flood disaster scenarios. Firstly, we applied the HEC-RAS model to simulate flood routing, and determined the evacuation and resettlement points based on the generated inundation distribution map. Then, based on the idea of many to many resettlement point allocation and path optimization, we carried out the resettlement point allocation and the automatic matching of people's number based on the analytic hierarchy process and transportation models in operations research, and solved the optimal evacuation path according to Dijkstra. Finally, based on the evacuation results, we carried out further allocation of route flow, and verified whether the evacuation exceeds the road capacity. If it exceeds the road flow threshold, the route is replanned to prevent road congestion.