提出了一种地面建模与地空定标相结合的低空多光谱遥感观测方法,可准确、动态地监测城市水质状况。通过采集地面水样水质的浊度、pH值、COD、硝氮、总磷和氨氮等6类水质参数以及水样水体的光谱信息,建立二者的关联关系,同时进行低空多光谱遥感观测,验证低空多光谱遥感观测数据与地面水体水质参数的相关性。结果表明,低空多光谱遥感数据与总磷、氨氮、pH值和浊度的相关性均超过60%,与总磷、氨氮、浊度的相关性超过70%;且不同水质水体在低空遥感影像中有明显区别,因此低空遥感技术具备定性水质分析的能力,且在定量水质分析中具有较强的发展空间。

In this paper, we proposed a novel method of low-altitude multispectral remote sensing observation combined with ground modeling and ground-based calibration, which could accurately and dynamically monitor urban water quality. Firstly, we collected the spectral information and six types of water quality parameters, including turbidity, p H, COD, nitrate, total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen, and established the correlation between them. And then, we carried out low-altitude multi-spectral remote sensing observation, and studied the correlation between spectral data and surface water quality parameters. The results show that different water bodies have obvious differences in low-altitude remote sensing images, the correlations between low-altitude multi-spectral remote sensing data and total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, p H and turbidity exceed 60 %, and the correlations between total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and turbidity exceed 70 %. It's concluded that low-altitude remote sensing technology has demonstrated great capability in qualitative water quality analysis and has good prospects for development.