以鄱阳湖及其周边区域为研究区，通过分析水体在Sentinel-2数据中不同波段的波谱差异，选取红边波段和短波红外波段构建了植被红边归一化差异水体指数（VNDWI）；并在4种背景地物条件下进行了对比实验。结果表明，VNDWI对山体阴影、植被、裸土和建筑物等亮色地物有较好的抑制作用，且能稳定应用于多种背景地物条件下的地表水体信息提取。相较于已有5种水体指数，VNDWI能有效识别细小水体，Kappa系数和总体精度均有所提高，错分率和漏分率有所降低。

Taking the Poyang Lake region and its surroundings as the research area, analyzing the spectral differences of water body acrossdifferent bands of Sentinel-2 data, we chose the red edge band and the short-wave infrared band to construct a vegetation red edge normalizeddifference water index(VNDWI), and carried out experiments under four different background features. The results reveal that VNDWI is ableto effectively attenuate the brightness of objects such as mountain shadows, vegetation, bare soil, and buildings. Furthermore, it also shows thecapability to be consistently employed to extract surface water information under multiple background land conditions. Compared with fivepre-existing water indices, VNDWI is effective in identifying small bodies of water, both the Kappa coefficient and the overall accuracy showsignificant improvement, while misclassification and omission errors show noticeable reduction.