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海岸线的历史演变对理解人类—自然相互作用至关重要。基于1986—2025年641幅卫星影像,采用聚焦剖面的研究方法和亚像素海岸线识别技术,提取了海岸线在11条研究剖面上的位置,从而分析南沙区东部海岸和近岸沙洲的演变规律。结果表明,海岸线在自然状态下缓慢向海淤积,在围垦和围填海活动影响下突变为人工岸线,早期围垦距离大于后期围填海;虎门沙滩和天后宫沙滩在围垦后发生匀速侵蚀,侵蚀速率分别为6.1、5.7 m/a,侵蚀持续时间分别为8、4 a;下横档岛沙洲的形态变化和近岸围填海工程建设存在时间上的相关性。研究结果可为海岸带管理、沙滩和沙洲的保护利用提供科学依据。
Abstract:Understanding the historical evolution of shoreline is essential for revealing human-nature interactions. Based on 641 satellite images from 1986 to 2025, we applied a transect-focused method combined with sub-pixel shoreline detection technology to extract shoreline positions along 11 transects, and systematically analyzed the evolution of eastern coast and nearshore sandbar in Nansha District, Guangzhou City. The findings revealed that under natural conditions, the shoreline gradually advanced seaward, while reclamation and land-filling activities abruptly transformed it into artificial shorelines, with the early-stage reclamation exhibiting greater spatial intrusion than later land-filling activities. After reclamation project, both the Humen Beach and the Tianhougong Beach experienced sustained erosion at constant rates of 6.1, 5.7 m/a for 8 and4 years, respectively. The evolution of the Xiahengdang Island Sandbar was temporally synchronized with nearshore reclamation project. The result can offer scientific support for shoreline management and the sustainable utilization of beach-sandbar systems.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:P737.1
引用信息:
[1]吴安辉,吴闯,胡昌华,等.聚焦剖面研究南沙区东部海岸线和沙洲的演变[J].地理空间信息,2025,23(11):12-16+21.
基金信息:
广州市资源规划和海洋科技协同创新中心资助项目(2023B04J0301、2023B04J0326)