为加强古镇历史文化保护，促进古镇的可持续发展，本研究基于重庆古镇的地域和文化资源特征，从保护和利用两方面，采用层次分析法构建了重庆古镇历史文化资源保护与利用评价指标体系。本研究选取历史悠久且能反映一定时期历史和特色的29个古镇作为评价对象，评价重庆古镇历史文化资源的保护与利用情况，评价结果显示磁器口古镇资源保护与利用情况最好，其次是龚滩古镇和安居镇。本研究为科学且量化评价古镇历史文化保护与利用提供了新思路，在古镇资源利用定量评价方面进行了探索。

To further protect historical culture and promote the sustainable development of ancient towns, we constructed an evaluation index system to protect and utilize historical and cultural resources in Chongqing ancient towns by analytic hierarchy based on the regional and cultural resource characteristics of Chongqing ancient town. We selected 29 ancient towns, with a long history that could reflect the history and characteristics of a certain period, as the evaluation objects to evaluate the protection and utilization of historical and cultural resources in these areas. The results show that the protection and utilization in Ciqikou ancient town is the best, following by Gongtan and Anju ancient town. This research provides a new idea for the scientific and quantitative evaluation of the historical and cultural protection and utilization of the ancient town, and explores the quantitative evaluation of the ancient town resource utilization.